Unintended consequences crop up throughout our lives; they can change our perspective, open new avenues and create all manner of problems. Science owes many groundbreaking discoveries to the unexpected but not all unintended consequences lead to great things - whether positive or negative the impact of the "unknown unknowns" cannot be understated.
This edition of the environmental SCIENTIST seeks to highlight the uncertain nature of environmental science. In this issue we explore how historical and current policy making can lead to unpredictable outcomes, how a green energy solution solves more than one environmental issue and what happens when the native species return to their homeland to find an intruder.